Aya masezerano yasinywe na Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga n’Ubutwererane w’u Rwanda, Ambasaderi Olivier Nduhungirehe na Thérèse Kayikwamba Wagner wa RDC. Mugenzi wabo wa Amerika, Marco Rubio, yari umuhuza.
Ni amasezerano ibi bihugu bitatu bigaragaza ko agiye kuba intangiriro yo gukemura impamvu muzi z’umutekano muke, agire uruhare rukomeye mu iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’akarere, binyuze mu mishinga itandukanye ihuriweho.
Minisitiri Nduhungirehe yavuze ko u Rwanda, RDC na Amerika bihuriye ku ntego yo kugera ku masezerano y’amahoro vuba cyane, ariko ko bidasaba inzira y’ibusamo, ahubwo ko hakenewe imbaraga mu kubigeraho.
Ati “Intego duhuriyeho ni ukugera ku masezerano y’amahoro afatika vuba bishoboka, ariko nta nzira z’ibusamo cyangwa guhutiraho, kandi dukwiye gushyiramo imbaraga kugira ngo tubigereho. U Rwanda rufite ubushake kandi twiteguye gukomeza gukorana n’abafatanyabikorwa bose bari muri iyi gahunda kugira ngo itange umusaruro.”
Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga ya Amerika yagaragaje ko amasezerano agena aya mahame agizwe n’ingingo nyamakuru esheshatu zirimo iy’ubusugire n’ubwigenge, umutekano, ubufatanye mu bukungu, gucyura impunzi, MONUSCO n’ingabo z’akarere n’amasezerano y’amahoro.
Hatanzwe ibisobanuro birebana na buri ngingo, nk’uko tugiye kubigaragaza muri iyi nkuru.
Ubwigenge, ubusugire bw’ubutaka n’imiyoborere
U Rwanda na RDC byemeranyije kubaha ubwigenge n’ubusugire bw’ubutaka bwa buri ruhande no guharura inzira yo gukemura amakimbirane mu mahoro, ishingiye kuri dipolomasi n’ibiganiro, aho kwifashisha imbaraga n’imvugo zibihanganisha.
Ibi bihugu kandi byemeranyije kubaha imipaka isanzweho, bikirinda ibikorwa n’imvugo biyihungabanyiriza umutekano cyangwa se bigamije kuyitesha agaciro.
Buri ruhande rwemeye kubaha uburenganzira bw’imiyoborere y’ubutaka bwa rumwe n’urundi, mu gihe butabangamira ubwigenge cyangwa ubusugire bw’ubutaka bwa hamwe cyangwa ahandi.
Nk’uko kopi y’aya masezerano yasohowe na Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga ya Amerika ibivuga, u Rwanda na RDC byemeranyije kutivanga mu bibazo bwite bya buri ruhande.
Umutekano
U Rwanda na RDC byemeranyije ko bifite ku mipaka ibishobora kubangamira umutekano wabyo, bisezerana kubikemura hubahirizwa ubwigenge n’ubusugire bw’ubutaka bwa buri ruhande.
U Rwanda, by’umwihariko, rugaragaza ko rubangamiwe n’umutwe w’iterabwoba wa FDLR ukorera hafi y’umupaka mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC.
Rwagaragaje ko ubufasha bwa Leta ya RDC bwarenze guha FDLR indaro, iyiha intwaro, imyitozo ya gisirikare n’amafaranga; Perezida Félix Tshisekedi yongeraho ko azafasha Abanyarwanda gukuraho ubutegetsi bwa Paul Kagame.
Ibihugu byombi byemeranyije ko amahoro, umutekano n’ituze ari ngombwa kugira ngo ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka bunyura mu nzira zemewe n’amategeko bwongererwe imbaraga, hanabeho ubufatanye mu by’ubukungu ku rwego rw’akarere.
Byagaragaje ko byombi bifite inyungu mu gusenya imitwe yitwaje intwaro ikorera ku mipaka cyangwa hafi yayo, byemeranya ko ubufasha ihabwa bugomba guhagarara.
Mu gihe byitezwe ko ibiganiro bizakomeza, u Rwanda na RDC byumvikanye ko bizashyiraho urwego rw’umutekano ruhuriweho rwo kurwanya imitwe yitwaje intwaro ndetse n’amatsinda y’abagizi ba nabi abangamira umutekano wa buri ruhande.
Ubufatanye mu bukungu
U Rwanda na RDC bihuriye mu miryango iharanira iterambere ry’ubukungu nk’uwa Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC), ICGLR mu karere ka Afurika y’Ibiyaga Bigari na COMESA. Byemeranyije gushingira ku ntego zayo, bikongerera ubufatanye mu bucuruzi no mu ishoramari.
Hashingiwe ku mikorere y’iyi miryango, ibi bihugu byemeranyije gushyiraho uburyo bwo gukorera mu mucyo kugira ngo buri ruhande ruzabone inyungu mu mutungo kamere akarere gafite, binyuze mu bufatanye n’ishoramari.
Ibi bihugu byumvikanye ko bizatangiza ishoramari rishya, binongerere imbaraga irisanzweho.
Amerika yabisezeranyije gutangamo umusanzu hamwe n’abashoramari b’Abanyamerika, hagamijwe guteza imbere ubukungu bw’akarere mu buryo bufitiye inyungu buri ruhande.
Nk’uko u Rwanda na RDC byabyemeranyijeho, ubu bufatanye buzahuzwa n’indi mishinga y’uturere cyangwa mpuzamahanga igamije guteza imbere ubukungu, irimo iyo kubaka ibikorwaremezo.
Biteganyijwe ko hazatangizwa cyangwa hagurwe ubufatanye mu mishinga irimo uwo gutunganya ingufu z’amashanyarazi, kugenzura pariki z’ibihugu, guteza imbere ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro no kongera agaciro k’uyu mutungo kamere binyuze mu kuwutunganya.
Amerika yemeje ko izafasha ibi bihugu mu mushinga wo guteza imbere ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro no kuyongerera agaciro, kandi ko Abanyamerika bazashoramo imari.
Gucyura impunzi
Ibi bihugu byemeranyije ko mu gihe amahoro n’umutekano bizaba byabonetse mu burasirazuba bwa RDC, bizifatanya n’inzego z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye n’imiryango ishinzwe ubutabazi mu gucyura abahungiye mu bindi bice by’iki gihugu ndetse n’impunzi z’Abanye-Congo ziri mu Rwanda no mu bindi bihugu.
Aya masezerano avuga ko gucyura izi mpunzi bizakorwa hubahirizwa amategeko mpuzamahanga azirengera.
U Rwanda rucumbikiye impunzi z’Abanye-Congo hafi ibihumbi 100, ziganjemo izivuga Ikinyarwanda. Harimo izigiye kuhamara imyaka 30 ndetse n’izahunze imirwano ya vuba y’ingabo za RDC n’umutwe witwaje intwaro wa M23.
MONUSCO n’ingabo z’akarere
Ibi bihugu byiyemeje gushyigikira ingabo ziri mu butumwa bw’amahoro bw’Umuryango w’Abibumbye muri RDC (MONUSCO), zifite inshingano y’ibanze yo kurinda abasivili, nk’uko zibisabwa n’akanama ka Loni gashinzwe umutekano.
Byemeranyije kurinda no gushyigikira ubushobozi bwa MONUSCO, ingabo z’akarere n’izindi nzego zishinzwe kugenzura umutekano wo ku mipaka kugira ngo bisohoze inshingano byahawe.
Nk’uko byasobanuwe na Amerika, ibikorwa bya MONUSCO n’izi nzego bizafasha ibi bihugu n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro gushyira mu bikorwa ibyo bisabwa.
Amasezerano y’amahoro
Umuryango wa Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC) n’uwa Afurika y’Amajyepfo (SADC) muri Gashyantare 2025 yafashe imyanzuro yafasha Uburasirazuba bwa RDC n’akarere kubona amahoro arambye, irimo usaba ko imirwano ihagarara n’usaba ko habaho ibiganiro bya politiki.
Hashingiwe kuri iyi myanzuro, abakuru b’ibihugu bya SADC tariki ya 13 Werurwe bahagaritse ubutumwa bw’ingabo z’uyu muryango zafashaga iza RDC kurwanya ihuriro AFC/M23, bashimangira ko ibiganiro bya politiki ari byo byabonekamo amahoro arambye.
Muri Werurwe 2025, Qatar na yo yatangiye ibiganiro bihuza u Rwanda na RDC ndetse na RDC n’ihuriro AFC/M23, impande zose zigaragaza ko zishyigikiye imyanzuro yafashwe na EAC ndetse na SADC, cyane cyane ugaragaza ko intambara atari yo yakemura amakimbirane.
Tariki ya 23 Mata, RDC na AFC/M23 byashyize umukono ku itangazo rihuriweho ry’amasezerano yo guhagarika imirwano kugira ngo ibiganiro bikomeje hagati y’impande zombi bibe mu mwuka mwiza.
Amerika yatangaje ko hashingiwe kuri izi gahunda z’amahoro zisanzwe, yo, u Rwanda na RDC byemeranyije gutegura inyandiko y’amasezerano y’amahoro, izasuzumwa bitarenze tariki ya 2 Gicurasi.
Byitezwe ko hashobora kubaho ukutumvikana ku nyandiko y’amasezerano y’amahoro. Amerika yasobanuye ko Minisitiri Nduhungirehe na Kayikwamba bemeranyije ko bazahurira i Washington D.C kugira ngo bayakemure.
